$$ \alpha = (\frac \) refers to the average variance of each itemĬronbach’s alpha is thus a function of the number of items in a test, the average covariance between pairs of items, and the variance of the total score. In other words, the reliability of any given measurement refers to the extent to which it is a consistent measure of a concept, and Cronbach’s alpha is one way of measuring the strength of that consistency.Ĭronbach’s alpha is computed by correlating the score for each scale item with the total score for each observation (usually individual survey respondents or test takers), and then comparing that to the variance for all individual item scores: Cronbach’s alpha is a measure used to assess the reliability, or internal consistency, of a set of scale or test items.
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